Phineas Young was among the first Mormon pioneer company to reach the Salt Lake Valley in July 1847. Justice for his peoples wrongs was heavens responsibility, not his, he said. Phineas Howe Young (also found as Phinehas) (February 16, 1799 October 10, 1879) was a prominent early convert in the Latter Day Saint movement and was later a Mormon pioneer and a missionary for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Brigham Young, who was born June 1, 1801, was the fourth son and eighth child, and he would later become the second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. These young men were thoughtful, and their spirits were not afraid to embrace truth when they encountered it. We will always love him and miss him, Randy Davis, Davis father, wrote in a Facebook post Monday. Brigham Young and the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Young's belated message to Isaac C. Haight, acting commander of the Iron County Brigade. ''There is no evidence the Indians had weapons required for a slaughter of this magnitude,'' she said. Richard Turley Jr., managing director of the family and church history department of the Mormon church, said a file he and his co-authors discovered in the church archives confirmed that Lee was acting on his own. The knowledge of how George A. Smith felt towards the emigrants, and his telling me that he had a long talk with Haight on the subject, made me certain that it was the wish of the Church authorities, that Fancher and his train should be wiped out, and knowing all this, I did not doubt then, and I do not doubt it now, either, that Haight was acting by full authority from the Church leaders, and that the orders he gave to me were just the orders that he had been directed to give, when he ordered me to raise the Indians and have them attack the emigrants.[27]. Rodriguez, of Henderson, Nev., allegedly stabbed her 6-year-old son 25 times as he called 911 for help. Darriynn Brown has been charged with the murder of Cash Gernon. His son Phineas was 15 . ''The party from Arkansas was probably doomed from the moment the Mormons learned of the death of Parley Pratt and the approach of the American army,'' he writes in his book. His brother Brigham ordained him a patriarch in 1877, shortly before Brighams death. Pratt had been murdered in Arkansas, where the Baker-Fancher party had its origin. They were reacting to events as they took place. Why did he do nothing to return the stolen property of the 17 surviving orphans? Virtually all the . That, say the church historians, is because no such order was given. [8] This letter has yet to be found,[9] but accounts say that it asked Young what, if anything, should be done with the BakerFancher party camped at nearby Mountain Meadows. Twelve apostles were now chosen from those who had marched in Zion's Camp. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -- the Mormon church -- has steadfastly denied responsibility, first blaming Indians and later a rogue church official for the crime. The following are a few facts necessary for an understanding of this terrible event in Western and Mormon history. The Mountain Meadows Massacre was a horrible atrocity, and the conduct of some Mormons involved in it was deplorable: strong words from the Tabernacle pulpit, Saints seeking vengeance because of their past persecution, Youngs risky Native American alliance, senseless acts by some local Mormon leaders, Utahs troubling episodes of extralegal violence and most awful, the terrible killing at Mountain Meadows. @JalelahCNA. He was a son by adoption of Brigham Young. In 1840 Brigham Young traveled to England, where he took charge of missionary efforts, supervising the dramatic growth of Mormonism in that country. when arreseted, PRYOR had a . John presided over the first group he led. Young, son of Brigham Young. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. He founded Salt Lake City and he served as the first governor of the Utah Territory. (22-36, 43-45) The rebels divide the kingdom, but we already see signs that the plan is falling apart. A murder suspect accused of shooting his girlfriend, axing his 9-year-old daughter in the head, then stabbing and lighting his son on fire cross-examined the 11-year-old survivor Wednesday in a jaw-dropping courtroom scene. "The week following I did the same, but to my surprise, I could not find the errors that I anticipated, but felt a conviction that the book was true.. The facts are these: Young spoke out against revenge killings. On September 11, 1857, 120 men, women and childrenpioneers from Arkansas headed for Californiawere massacred after being promised safe passage through a Southern Utah valley known as Mountain Meadows. Joe . A plaque at the massacre site, erected by the Mormon Church in 1990, carefully avoided assigning blame, referring with baffling vagueness to ''a company of more than 120 Arkansas emigrants'' being ''attacked while en route to California. Why did he shield the murderers and allow the churchs newspaper to blame the crime on the Paiutes for a dozen years after Jacob Hamblin told him Mormons were involved? From 1864 through 1871 Young served as the bishop of the Salt Lake City 2nd Ward. When the project was finished, there was still a great deal of money owed to Brigham Young by the Union Pacific and because of their financial difficulties, they were not able to meet the . Brigham Young led one of the largest group migrations in American historyover 12,000 peopleto Salt Lake City, Utah. So, two years after Brigham Young first began expressing interest, the marriage-cautious and polygamy-skeptical Ann Eliza joined the prophet's group of wives. Van Vliet's mission was to inform Young that the US troops then approaching Utah did not intend to attack the Mormons, but intended to establish an army base near Salt Lake City and to request Young's cooperation in procuring supplies for the army. Enter your email to receive updates on our LDS Living content, 2022 LDS Living A Division of Deseret Book Company. After guiding an exodus of . A longer video of the interaction shows Joe Biden was comforting his grandson, Robert Hunter Biden II, at Beau Biden's funeral. Source: Jeffery Ogden Johnson, Determining and Defining `Wife: The Brigham Young Households, Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, Vol. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. But I am determined by the help of God never to bear false witness against My Neighbour. Later, he complained that those who questioned him wanted lies, not truth. ''The idea that this was an Indian massacre is just absurd,'' Ms. Denton said, citing a 1999 forensic analysis that found that many of the victims had died from gunshot wounds to the head. Strang penned a letter to two leaders, Orson Hyde and John Taylor, requesting to . Of the 23 who survived him, 17 received a share of his estate while the remaining 6 apparently had non conjugal roles. Brigham Young, who was born June 1, 1801, was the fourth son and eighth child, and he would . Anyone can read what you share. "John D. Lee Arrested". The two main contenders were James Jesse Strang and Brigham Young. ''Nothing happened in the place that did not happen under his direct orders. He was a man who grew in faith, intellect and knowledge and learned throughout his life by relying on personal revelation. Two men in their late 30s and three teenagers were like "a pack" as they hunted down a 14-year-old boy in broad daylight before he was fatally stabbed, a murder trial has heard. This remarkable man served as bishop of the Salt Lake City 18th Ward for 27 years (see Whitney's "History of Utah: Biographical"). They are, from left, Lorenzo Dow Young, Brigham Young, Phineas Howe Young, Joseph Young and John Young Jr. Stuart Taylor and his son Jacob join other spectators at the 139th annual Golden Spike Celebration in Promontory Summit, Utah, on Saturday, May 10, 2008, as the wood-fired . Samuel also sold a copy to Phineas Howe Young, one of Brigham's brothers and Greene's brother-in-law. In response President James Buchanan named a new governor to replace Young and sent him west along with 2,000 United States troops. Their corpses, stripped of clothes and jewelry, were left to be picked apart by wolves and buzzards. Brigham Young: Directed by Henry Hathaway. One of his wives alleged he ordered the deaths of people who tried to leave the faith. hold, outlived him, and shared in his estate. The oft asked question about the practice of polygamy in early Mormon history is: How many wives did Brigham Young have? Four days ago he posted a video of himself singing and playing the guitar. Brigham Young, who quickly took command of the church and its followers, tried to stifle any dissent and banish his rivals.The killing of Phineas Wilcox was part of his consolidation of power . As one of John D. Lees wives put it, The Mormons were so insulted and indignant over the death or murder of Pratt that they Raked untold Vengeance on the poor Emigrants.. (Young had at least 20 wives -- by some estimates as many as 56 -- and up to 57 children.). The rest is history. On Sept. 11, 1857, a group of California-bound pioneers camping in southern Utah were murdered by a Mormon militia and its Indian allies. For instance, at first, Phineas was expecting perhaps even a little bit hoping to find error in this new, strange book and to expose the errors he found that they might not lead others astray. Its no coincidence, then, that pulp fiction and Hollywood have used these ingredientsmystery, conspiracy and mass murderfor years. Angela places the blame for his conviction in part on his wife, Jenny, saying her statements about events had . March 28, 1884: Or was it March 8? Read more quotes from Brigham Young. Federal investigators suspected Brigham Young of having had a hand in the crime but failed to produce sufficient evidence to convict him. GLENDOWERThese signs have marked me extraordinary,And all the courses of my life do show I am not in the roll of common men. Hamblin said he was told by Young and Smith to keep quiet, but that "as soon as we can get a court of justice, we will ferret this thing out. How do you put shoes on a cloven-footed ox? The most common, and the only one currently practiced by the Mormon church, is a ceremony that seals a man and a woman for time (mortal life) and eternity. TAMPA, Fla. - Jurors heard heartbreaking testimony Wednesday at Ronnie Oneal's murder trial. But now, a new book, which has been a bestseller in Utah since it appeared last summer, claims the massacre was ordered by Mormon Prophet Brigham Young. 20, No. After five years researching and writing about this horrific atrocity, I doubted Id ever find a definitive answer to the question, Did Brigham Young order the murders at Mountain Meadows?, To my surprise, I found evidence that convinced me beyond a shadow of a doubt that Brigham Young issued orders (probably verbal) to kill everyone in the Fancher party except those of innocent bloodchildren under eight years of ageto fulfill his sacred vow to avenge the blood of the prophets Joseph and Hyrum Smith, and more specifically, Apostle Parley P. Pratt. It was one of the worst American civilian atrocities of the 19th century. It is hard to determine how many wives Young actually lived with in the normal sense of husband and wife because of the practice of sealing. Sealings, meaning a ceremony performed by Mormon church authorities that link a man and a woman, could be of two types. Phineas, the third son, had struggled with the enticements of the world before finding a spiritual identity near the age of 24, when he forsook his former companions and pursuits, and prayed fervently to the Lord until he, too, accepted Methodism and became a preacher, according to The Faithful Young Family.". Young undertook a careful study of the book and eventually passed it on to others in his family, including his brothers Brigham, Joseph and John. Following his return to Nauvoo in 1841, Young affirmed his complete loyalty to Joseph Smith by embracing the controversial and still-secret practice of polygamy, despite his initial personal . The LDS Church was also given a large grant of stock in the Union Pacific, which it held well into the 20 th century. [7], After Joseph Smith was killed in 1844, Young joined the majority of Latter Day Saints in accepting the leadership of Brigham Young and the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. Brooks has argued the massacre was an overreaction by Mormon militia forces which resulted in the death of settlers and the tarnishing of the Church's reputation. Then figure out what the total cost of the trip would be.? . This answer reflects the complicated nature in the definition of plural wife. As to the number of wives with whom it is known that he had conjugal relations, sixteen wives bore him 57 children (46 of whom grew to maturity). Haight. In this case, he argues, Young saw bloodshed as a righteous act, one that would avenge the Arkansas murder of the apostle, Pratt, and send a sober warning to the United States government about the risks of invading the Mormon state. [10] After delivering the letter to Young, Haslam was told to rest for a few hours then return to pick up the reply. Lorenzo was fearless in dealing with hostile Indians or any form of difficulty or trial. Brigham Young. the man was tired of Philip so at the wedding the man stabbed Philip. Young believed that Lee's punishment was just but not a sufficient blood atonement, given the enormity of the crime, to allow Lee entrance into the celestial kingdom. Copy. Young read the Bible verse the soldiers had inscribed on a cedar cross atop the monument: Vengeance is mine, saith the Lord., It should read, he said, Vengeance is mine, and I have taken a little. Young then directed the desecration of the grave. Logically, the idea of ordering a massacre as 2,500 U.S. troops marched upon Salt Lake City is absurd. Susa, Brighams daughter, wrote of her father: He fostered and encouraged the study and practice of music, not only in his own family, but among the people (see Life Story of Brigham Young," by Susa Young Gates and Leah D. Widtsoe). 26 likes. Risner allegedly killed Davis in another location before moving his body to where it was found, according to CoosaValleyNews.com. She was the daughter of Isaac Decker, a long-time friend of Brigham Young and his father John Young. Why did Brigham Young allegedly send a message telling Southern Utahns NOT to kill the emigrants unless he was countermanding previous orders? Even though Young blessed it as a place to begin anew,his fears of continued religious persecution may have caused him to order a massacre. This had a great impact upon Brigham, who was four years his junior, and confided that I had more confidence in his judgment and discretion, and in the manifestations of God to him, than I had in myself ("Brigham Young: Journal of Discourses," 8:37). ''The emigrants fell victim to Brigham Young's decision to stage a violent incident that would demonstrate his power to control the Indians of the Great Basin and to stop travel on the most important overland roads.''. But now two authors who have studied the massacre say Brigham Young, the formidable church leader who built a Mormon kingdom in an oasis in the arid wilderness of the Rocky Mountains, masterminded the killings and then conspired to cover up his role. [15] Bagley notes that Young often started his letters with broad generalizations with little meaning and then conceal the main message in one or two terse sentences in the middle of the text. ), But even if Brigham Young's complicity were not at issue, Mr. Turley conceded, troubling questions about the massacre remain: ''It's an event that seems very incongruous with the people who did it. The family the Lord had put his hand upon did not fail. However, Young later testified that he cut Lee off when he started to describe the massacre because he could not bear to hear the details. Early in his life, Phineas was a Methodist preacher.[1]. She has two songs in the LDS hymnbook, is mother of six children, 10 grand, 5 great grandchildren. It creates a sensation and sells books. Lee was shot by five United States soldiers . This railroad operated between 1871 and 1881 and was founded by prominent Mormons such as Joseph A. When it was over, men quarreled over responsibility, and many vowed that no one should ever know of their deadly work, including, presumably, Brigham Young. Not circumstantial evidence. But despite two trials, one execution and many official investigations, the event -- known as the Mountain Meadows massacre -- remains shrouded in mystery and rumor. NYC woman fatally stabbed, son in custody. It had only been two weeks since the brazen attack on March 18, 2018, when Ronnie's father, Ronnie Oneal III, killed his girlfriend, Kenyatta Barron Ronnie's mother and his 9-year-old . While several reasons for this statement may be suggested, most persuasive is the ebb and flow of the local decision-making during the weeklong event. The massacre lasted less than five minutes, but when it was over, 120 men, women and children had been clubbed, stabbed or shot at point-blank range. . [3] Young's use of inflammatory and violent language[4] in response to a federal expedition to the territory (known as the Utah War) added to the tense atmosphere at the time of the attack. After informing him, he further inquired about my other brothers and our father. On one occasion she told me that if I would not neglect to pray to my Heavenly Father, he would send a guardian angel to protect me in the dangers to which I might be exposed (see The Faithful Young Family"). It is at this point in the confrontation that the first officer loses his weapon to Rodriguez. In other words, Young thought whites would and should receive preferential treatment now and forever. The massacre stands out not only for its gruesomeness but also for the act of treachery that preceded it. Phineas Young was an older brother of Brigham Young, who was the president of the LDS Church and the first governor of the Territory . He said the file included the notes of a Mormon historian who, at the request of church leaders, conducted a confidential investigation of the massacre in 1892. Despite a growing bitterness toward his former mentor, Lee refused. Friends Who Liked This Quote. For the desperately poor Mormon settlers in southern Utah, the Fancher party, with its hefty supply of cash, arms and hundreds of valuable horses and cattle, was simply irresistible. In this period, militia leaders at Cedar City and at Mountain Meadows changed their minds several times whether the killing should go forward. The boy was just 8 years old when he said Oneal, his father, attacked him after murdering his mom and 9-year-old sister. Witnesses later testified about Haslams dramatic arrival in Salt Lake City, the writing of the letter and its dispatch South. . EastIdahoNews.com, LLC. ''There are very candid statements on the part of participants to a church official under the agreement of confidentiality,'' Mr. Turley said, adding that the file, along with other sources he and his co-authors were using, would be made public once their book was published. In 1830, Young was contacted by Samuel H. Smith, a missionary in the recently established Latter Day Saint movement. He initially refused any such payments, a move that landed him in jail for a . They were clubbed, stabbed or shot at point-blank range, then stripped and left to be scavenged by wolves and buzzards. They were murdered by a small Mormon militia and its Indian allies in a horrible ploy: after a four-day gun battle with their attackers, the pioneers accepted a truce that turned out to be a deadly lie. They are, from left, Lorenzo Dow Young, Brigham Young, Phineas Howe Young, Joseph Young and John Young Jr. Penelope Jackson, 66, is . In short, the massacre is best explained by cascading local events in a setting of extreme excitement and fear. Lee was tried twice for murder (he was convicted the second time) and executed in 1877. [19] According to Lee, he informed Young that the Mormons were responsible. Before any of these events, which were instrumental in drawing the brothers to the truth, the youngest son, Lorenzo, at the young age of 9 years, experienced an extraordinary and prophetic dream. Why? The council sought to create a Mormon-Indian alliance, and to make such an arrangement attractive to the Indians, Young allegedly told them that he would no longer stop them from stealing emigrant cattle on the California Trail. Joseph Young was a witness to the infamous Hauns Mill massacre during the tumultuous Missouri days of the LDS Church's history, according to The Faithful Young Family.". ROME, Georgia A recent Brigham Young University-Idaho graduate was stabbed to death over the weekend in northwestern Georgia. . This is a photo of Brigham Young and his brothers taken in the 1860s by C.R. Militia orders to the Mormon army carried Youngs words on the reverse: Shed no blood., When the books are opened in the day of judgment, declared an associate who was at his side in 1857, these things will be proven to heaven and earth.. Strang attempted to bring followers to him and to do this he wanted to use logic and rhetoric. Of course, anti-Young historians say otherwise. Three of them bore him children. My nephew Matt is completely innocent. The official website of Brigham Young University | Provo, UT. New York CNN . '', That conclusion is vigorously disputed by three Mormon church historians, who vow their own history of the massacre, to be published by Oxford University Press in 2004, will exonerate Young. After Cowdery was excommunicated from the church in 1838, Young wrote him several letters pleading with him to come back into the church. Lorenzos wife, Harriet, bore a baby son two months after their arrival in the Salt Lake Valley, the first pioneer male child to be born in that wilderness (see The Faithful Young Family"). Once, when returning to his ranch on the Jordan River, he was mistakenly taken as a thief, shot at and wounded in the arm, where the main artery was severed. [14], In Blood of the Prophets, Mormon historian William Bagley echoes David White's conclusion that the letter does not absolve Young of any wrongdoing. In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. The nation was and remains horrified by what happened at Mountain Meadows. The evidence has been so corruptedsuppressed, destroyed, and fabricatedits hard to determine the date the murders took place, let alone trace all the ins and outs of the conspiracy behind the crime. Reading the September 2000 True West article by Glenn Shirley, titled, A Tireless Energy & Nerves of Steel, I was fascinated by Caroline Bonneville. Richards. In this company, Young served as a captain of ten.[8]. Brigham Young even served as president. Risner is expected to appear in court on the charges this week. Mormon historian Juanita Brooks believes that the letter demonstrates that Young "did not order the massacre, and would have prevented it if he could. See Page 1. Brigham Young to Isaac C. Haight, 10 September 1857, Letterpress Copybook 3:82728, Brigham Young Office Files, LDS Church Archives. "If we only looked at what Brigham Young said in 1845, we would miss . What ever happened to Big Minnie of Tombstone? 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